When you attach a storage disk to a Mac with the purpose of erasing or repartitioning it, you'll be presented with the option of selecting one of the three available partition maps: GUID Partition Map, Master Boot Record, and Apple Partition Map. In this article we will explain what a partition scheme is and which one to pick when formatting a drive.
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What Is a Partition?
The fixed-sized subset of a disk drive treated as an individual unit by the operating system (in our case macOS) is defined as a partition. On every drive there are multiple partitions, and for this you will need a partition table or partition map – maintained by the operating system – to detail the status of the partitions.
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GUID Partition Map
This is a standard for the layout of the partition table on a storage disk using globally unique identifiers (GUIDs). As part of the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) standard, GUID is a bootable standard for systems with EFI firmware such as macOS. Non-Intel Macs won't support this bootable standard, hence the only option available to them is the Apple Partition Map (APM).
Apple Partition Map
Used on disks formatted for use with 68k and PowerPC Macs, the Apple Partition Map is the scheme that defines how the data is organized. Starting with OS X Tiger, both APM and GUID partitions can be used for accessing volumes, but PowerPC-based Macs can only boot from APM disks. While Intel-based Macs generally boot from a GUID Partition Table, they are all able to start the operating system from APM and Master Boot Record (MBR) using the BIOS-Emulation called EFI-CSM.
Master Boot Record
Introduced by IBM in 1983 to support the 10MB hard disk, the Master Boot Record is a type of boot sector developed for use with IBM PC systems. It is currently used for Windows partitions formatted as MS-DOS (FAT) or ExFAT.
Choosing a Partition Map
Now you know which partitioning map is which, the next time you insert an external drive or want to partition the built-in storage disk of the Mac, it will be easier to choose between the available options.
When formatting or erasing a volume with Disk Utility, you'll see a format menu prompt asking you to choose from:
- Mac OS Extended (Journaled)
- Mac OS Extended (Journaled, Encrypted)
- Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive, Journaled)
- Mac OS Extended (Case-sensitive, Journaled, Encrypted)
- MS-DOS (FAT)
- ExFAT
- APFS (macOS High Sierra’s new file system)
- APFS (Encrypted)
- APFS (Case-sensitive)
- APFS (Case-sensitive, Encrypted).
Be aware that APFS is compatible only with macOS High Sierra and higher, so earlier versions of OS X or macOS won't mount an APFS volume. If you want maximum reach, Mac OS Extended (Journaled) is the right choice.
Below the file system format, the Disk Utility dialog box will list another contextual menu, the partition map scheme, which gives you another great tool to create targeted volumes. If you are looking to format a disk that will be shared with Windows users, the MBR scheme and MS-DOS (FAT) are the best choices. For drives used with Intel-based Macs only, the GUID Partition Map should the option to go for.
If you don't see the partition map scheme option, it is likely because Disk Utility doesn't list all volumes. This will prohibit Disk Utility from erasing the disk and show you an error message. To address this issue, you should click on the View button located in the top-left side of the Disk Utility dialog box and select “Show All Volumes”. From that point on, Disk Utility will ask for your partition map preference, and the formatting process will be smoother.
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Summary :
What is Raspberry Pi SD card format? How to reformat SD card for Raspberry Pi? In this post, we show you a brief introduction to the best Raspberry Pi as well as introduce the best SD formatter for Raspberry Pi.
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Raspberry Pi is a low cost, credit-card sized computer developed by the Raspberry Pi Foundation. It can be connected to a computer monitor or TV and uses a standard keyboard and mouse.
Originally, Raspberry Pi was designed aiming to promote the teaching of basic computer science in schools and in developing countries. Today Raspberry Pi has achieved great success. In July 2017, sales reached nearly 15 million, making it the 3rd best-selling 'general purpose computer'.
But one thing you need to pay attention to is that Raspberry Pi is a bare computer and you have to install Raspbian (the official supported Operating System) on an SD card to boot it.
How to install Raspbian on SD card Windows? View the official installation guide if you are interested, or you can use the easy installer NOOBS to help you simply install.
However, some users find their Raspberry Pi won't boot from the installed SD card, which makes them confused. Actually, the problem is caused by the unsuitable file system. Next, in this article, we show you what you are looking for.
Raspberry Pi: exFAT or FAT32?
Although we know SD card is the essential media to running Raspberry Pi, some users are still at a loss and wondering 'What format do I need my SD card to be for Raspberry Pi?' See what we extract from raspberrypi.org/forums:
Q: Will exFAT work or FAT32? I just got a 64GB Micro SD card and I'm just wondering if I should format as exFAT or FAT32, Also if they both work – What's better?
A: exFAT won't work, as the boot code simply expects an FAT32 partition, so yes FAT32 is 'better'.
As we know, FAT32 is the most commonly used file system for flash drives. However, it brings the 4GB file size limit that is we cannot save individual files larger than 4GB to FAT32 partitions. To address this issue, exFAT is introduced. According to the standards for SD capacity, SD cards larger than 32GB employ SDXC standard and are formatted to exFAT.
The problem is that FAT32 has better compatibility, compared with exFAT. And most devices including Raspberry Pi do not recognize hard drives formatted to exFAT. The Raspberry Pi's bootloader, built into the GPU (Graphics Processing Unit) and non-updateable, only has support for reading from FAT file systems (both FAT16 and FAT32 included) and is unable to boot from an exFAT file system.
On this occasion, users have to format the SD card for Raspberry Pi. Next, we show you how to format SD card FAT32.
You might also be interested in 3DS SD Card Format | How to Format SD Card for 3DS.
How to Format SD Card for Raspberry Pi
In fact, no matter your SD card is larger than 32GB or not, as long as you intend to use it on Raspberry Pi, you should format it to FAT by following the guide below. Note that formatting will definitely lead to data loss. So if you are using a used SD card, you might need to back up SD card if files in it mean a lot to you.
*If your SD capacity is larger than 32GB, download MiniTool Partition Wizard Free.
If the SD card you are using has a capacity larger than 32GB, you will need a third-party partition manager to do the formatting, because Windows installed on MBR disk only allows formatting such capacity to exFAT and NTFS.
To get FAT32 file system for 64GB/128GB SD card, here the best SD card formatter – MiniTool Partition Wizard is recommended not only because it is easy to use but also because it offers multiple file systems. Above all, SD cards between 32GB to 2TB can be successfully formatted to FAT32 file system, breaking the limit in Windows. Press the button below and get the free SD formatter Raspberry Pi.
After installing MiniTool Partition Wizard to your PC, connect SD card to your PC and launch Partition Wizard to the main interface. Then follow the simple tutorial below which guide you through Raspberry Pi SD card format FAT32:
Step 1. Select the SD card partition and choose Format Partition from the action panel. If the SD card does not appear in the disk map area, click General > Refresh Disk button or reconnect the SD card.
Step 2. In the pop-up window, drop down the File System selection box and choose FAT32 as the desired one. Then click OK to go back to the main interface.
Step 3. In the toolbar, click Apply to start the Raspberry Pi SD card format and wait for the process to finish.
*If your SD capacity is smaller than 32GB, you have multiple choices:
1. Use MiniTool Partition Wizard
If your SD card has a small capacity such as 2GB/4GB/8GB/16GB, you can also use MiniTool Partition Wizard Free to help you format the SD card. The steps are the same as the above:
- Connect SD card to your PC and run MiniTool Partition Wizard Free.
- Then select the partition on Raspberry Pi SD and choose 'Format Partition' from the action panel.
- Finally, click 'Apply' to execute the change.
2. Use Disk Management
Disk Management is the most commonly used tool for Windows users to configure their hard drives. As a built-in partition tool, it is able to format SD card to FAT32 as long as the SD card capacity is no more than 32GB. Here are the simple steps you can refer to for Raspberry Pi SD card format.
Step 1. Connect SD card to your PC first. Then press Win + R keys at the same time to call out the Run box. Now input diskmgmt.msc in the input box and press OK to load the Disk Management console.
Step 2. In the new pop-out Disk Management window, find the SD card by viewing the disk partition information in the disk map area. Then right-click the SD partition and choose Format from the shortcut menu.
Step 3. In the next small window, pull down the file system list and choose FAT32 as the target file system. Then click OK to continue.
Step 4. You will see a warning message which reads 'Formatting this volume will erase all data on it. Back up any data you want to keep before formatting. Do you want to continue?' At this time, you can press the OK button to reformat SD card.
If the Raspberry Pi SD card format failed, you may read our previous guide to find solutions: How Can You Fix 'The Format Did Not Complete Successfully'?
3. Use Command Prompt
Command Prompt is a command line interpreter application available in most Windows operating systems. It is frequently used to execute entered commands so as to automate tasks via scripts and batch files, perform advanced administrative functions, and troubleshoot certain kinds of Windows issues.
Many users think it hard to run commands. In fact, to format Raspberry Pi SD card to FAT32, you just need to input several simple commands lines.
Step 1. Connect Raspberry Pi SD card to your PC and press Win + X keys to load the Power User Task Menu. Then select Command Prompt (Admin) from it. When you see User Account Control request, click YES.
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Step 2. In the Command Prompt window, type the following commands one by one and each one should be finished with the Enter key:
- Diskpart
- List disk (this will list all disks including removable disks connected to your PC)
- Select disk n (n needs to be replaced with the correct number of the SD card)
- List par (this will list all partitions on the SD card you select and usually there are only one partition on an SD card)
- Select par n (n needs to be replaced with the correct number of the partition on the SD card)
- Format fs=fat32 quick (this will quickly format the SD card to FAT32 file system)
View the picture below to get a more intuitive instruction:
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When you see diskpart has successfully formatted the SD card, continue with the final commands:
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- Exit (leaving diskpart)
- Exit (leaving Command Prompt)
That's all for how to perform Raspberry Pi SD card format.
Create FAT32 Partition on SD Card for Raspberry Pi
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In addition to Raspberry Pi SD card format FAT32, there is another way to make FAT32 partitions, and that is to create a FAT32 partition on SD card directly. Here we also recommend using MiniTool Partition Wizard Free, which is capable of creating FAT32 partitions on all kinds of SD cards regardless of the SD capacity.
Step 1. (If there is no partition on the SD card, move to Step 2.) Connect SD card to your PC and run MiniTool Partition Wizard to get the main interface. Then select the partition on the SD card and choose Delete Partition feature from the action panel. Finally, press Apply on the toolbar and confirm the deletion.
Repeat this step if there are multiple partitions on the SD card until the whole SD card become unallocated. (Note that data backup is significant before Step 1 if you have important files saved on the SD card.)
Step 2. Now select the unallocated space on the SD card and choose Create Partition from the action panel.
Step 3. In the pop-up window, drop down the File System box and choose FAT32 as the desired file system. (You can also customize other properties like partition label, partition type, drive letter, partition size, etc.) Then click OK to exit this small window. Finally, on the main interface of MiniTool Partition Wizard, click Apply to bring the creation into effect.
See by using MiniTool Partition Wizard, creating a FAT32 partition on SD card for Raspberry Pi is so easy. Reading here, you might be wondering: how about using Windows Disk Management utility? Similar to formatting, Disk Management can create FAT32 partitions only when the SD card capacity is no more than 32GB.
But with MiniTool Partition Wizard, you can create a FAT32 partition on 64GB, 128GB, and even larger SD cards. Which tool do you prefer? You already have the answer.
You might also be interested in the subject “Raspberry Pi SD card format Mac”. You can refer to How to set up and use a Raspberry Pi 3 with a Mac to get the details.
The Bottom Line
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Here comes the end of Raspberry Pi format SD card Raspbian. Now we guess you know what Raspberry Pi is, the suitable file system for your SD card to be running on Raspberry Pi, and how to format SD card for Raspberry Pi as well as how to create a FAT32 partition.
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If you have any questions during the formatting, you can leave us comments in the lower comment section. Or you can send an email to [email protected]. We read every thread.